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1.
Gac. méd. Méx ; 157(2): 174-180, mar.-abr. 2021. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1279098

ABSTRACT

Resumen Introducción: Promover la detección de cáncer de mama (CaMa) en mujeres mediante mastografía es una estrategia viable para disminuir los diagnósticos en fases clínicamente avanzadas y la mortalidad. Objetivos: Describir los resultados reportados por estudios de mastografía en mujeres realizados a nivel nacional durante 2013-2017 y analizar la tendencia espaciotemporal de categorías BIRADS (Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System) sugestivas de malignidad por Estado. Método: Diseño analítico longitudinal que incluyó información sobre estudios de mastografía de mujeres según grupo de edad (< 40 e ≥ 40), valoradas en unidades de la Secretaría de Salud, México, durante 2013-2017. Se estimó la frecuencia de categorías según BIRADS, tasa estandarizada sugestiva de malignidad (categorías 4 y 5) en mujeres ≥ 40 años y se utilizó estadística espacial para analizar la tendencia por Estado. Resultados: Se analizaron 3,659,151 mastografías, el 98.5 % en mujeres ≥ 40 años. La tasa sugestiva de malignidad disminuyó de 38.3 (2013) a 31 (2017) por 100 mil mujeres ≥ 40 años; sin embargo, el riesgo de detección aumentó hasta 13 veces en diez Estados. Conclusiones: Aunque el riesgo de detección en categorías sugestivas de malignidad disminuyó a nivel nacional, algunos Estados requieren reforzar la aplicación de programas de detección del CaMa mediante mastografía e incrementar la participación de la población blanco.


Abstract Introduction: Promoting breast cancer (BC) detection in women by means of mammography is a viable strategy to reduce the number of diagnoses at clinically advanced stages and mortality. Objectives: To describe the results reported by mammography studies in women, carried out nationally during 2013-2017, and to analyze the spatiotemporal trend of Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BIRADS) categories suggestive of malignancy by State. Method: Longitudinal, analytical design that included information on mammography studies of women according to age group (< 40 and ≥ 40), evaluated in units of the Ministry of Health of Mexico during 2013-2017. The frequency of BIRADS categories and a standardized rate suggestive of malignancy (categories 4 and 5) were estimated in women aged ≥ 40 years, and spatial statistics were used to analyze the trend by State. Results: A total of 3,659,151 mammograms were analyzed, 98.5 % in women aged ≥ 40 years. The malignancy-suggestive rate decreased from 38.3 (2013) to 31 (2017) per 100,000 women aged ≥ 40 years; however, the risk of detection increased up to 13 times in ten States. Conclusions: Although the risk of detection in categories suggestive of malignancy decreased at the national level, some States need to reinforce the application of BC detection programs through mammography and increase the participation of the target population.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Breast Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Mammography/statistics & numerical data , Spatio-Temporal Analysis , Patient Participation/statistics & numerical data , Breast Neoplasms/classification , Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology , Mammography/classification , Linear Models , Space-Time Clustering , Age Factors , Mexico/epidemiology
3.
J. health med. sci. (Print) ; 6(1): 21-27, ene.-mar. 2020. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1096529

ABSTRACT

El cáncer de mama es una de las patologías más frecuentes a nivel mundial y en el Ecuador ocupa un sitio importante dentro de la mortalidad; en pacientes con tumores de estadios avanzados la quimioterapia neodyuvante es el procedimiento indicado para lograr una reducción tumoral satisfactoria. El objetivo fue determinar la respuesta clínica y patológica en pacientes con cáncer de mama tratadas con quimioterapia neoadyuvante según cada subtipo molecular, atendidos en el hospital "Teodoro Maldonado Carbo" en el período 2015 a 2017. Se hizo uso de un diseño no experimental, transversal de tipo correlacional. Pacientes con cáncer de mama que recibieron neoadyuvancia, en su mayoría con quimioterapia basada en antraciclinas y taxanos. Se clasificó a las pacientes por sus subtipos moleculares, los mismos se obtuvieron en base a las características inmunohistoquímicas de los reportes de patología que constan en el sistema AS-400. Se comprobó la respuesta clínica al tratamiento usando los Criterios RECIST 1.1. Como resultado los 171 pacientes fueron analizados. La edad promedio de las pacientes fue 55 13 años de edad; el 25% fueron luminal B (HER+), 24% luminal B (HER-), 22% triple negativo, 18% HER2+ y 12% luminal A; el 52% de las pacientes tuvieron estadio III de la enfermedad; el 75% (129) de las pacientes fue realizada una mastectomía radical modificada. Se pudo concluir que la respuesta patológica completa en pacientes con tratamiento neoadyuvante se relaciona con los subtipos moleculares y esto es estadísticamente significativo. Además, se evidenció las mayores tasas de respuesta patológica completa en los grupos moleculares de HER2+ y triple negativo.


Breast cancer is one of the most frequent pathologies worldwide and in Ecuador it occupies an important place in mortality. In patients with advanced stage tumors, the neo-adjuvant chemotherapy is the indicated procedure to achieve a satisfactory tumor reduction. The aim was to determine the clinical and pathological response in patients with breast cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy according to each molecular subtype, treated at the "Teodoro Maldonado Carbo" hospital in the period 2015 to 2017. We used a non-experimental, crosssectional type design. Patients with breast cancer who received neoadjuvant, mostly with chemotherapy based on anthracyclines and taxanes. The patients were classified by their molecular subtypes, they were obtained based on the immunohistochemical characteristics of the pathology reports that appear in the AS-400 system. The clinical response to treatment was checked using the RECIST 1.1 Criteria. As a result, a sum of 171 patients were analyzed. The average age of the patients was 55 + 13 years old; 25% were luminal B (Her +), 24% luminal B (Her-), 22% triple negative, 18% Her2 + and 12% luminal A; 52% of the patients had stage III of the disease; 75% (129) of the patients underwent a modified radical mastectomy. As a conclusion, the complete pathological response in patients with neoadjuvant treatment is related to molecular subtypes and this is statistically significant. Also, the highest rates of complete pathological response in the molecular groups of Her2 + and triple negative were evident.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy , Chemotherapy, Adjuvant , Anthracyclines/therapeutic use , Taxoids/therapeutic use , Breast Neoplasms/classification , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Drug Therapy, Combination
4.
Rev. méd. Hosp. José Carrasco Arteaga ; 11(3): 235-240, 30/11/2019. Ilustraciones
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1103741

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: La enfermedad de Paget del pezón es infrecuente y representa del 1 al 3 % de las neoplasias de mama. Está asociada con un carcinoma invasivo o in situ en el 82 al 94 % de los casos. Se presenta entre los 55 a 64 años de edad. CASO CLÍNICO: Se presenta el caso de una mujer de 58 años con zona de descamación de 1 cm2 indolora en pezón derecho y tumor de 4 cm2 en mama izquierda, ecografía y mamografía BI-RADS III. Biopsia incisional de pezón derecho que reportó enfermedad de Paget, con ampliación de márgenes. Se completó estudios de extensión con resonancia magnética que reportó lesión retro-areolar sospechosa en mama derecha y lesión nodular maligna en mama izquierda. EVOLUCIÓN: Se realizó cuadrantectomía central más neo-pezón en mama derecha, y en mama izquierda cuadrantectomía superoexterna con vaciamiento ganglionar axilar bilateral, el reporte de patología fue mama derecha negativa para malignidad, mama izquierda hiperplasia intraductal atípica con focos de carcinoma intraductal. Se administró 25 sesiones radioterapia, tras un año de seguimiento se mantiene sin recurrencia. CONCLUSIÓN: La enfermedad de Paget es poco frecuente, pero debe considerarse como diagnóstico diferencial en pacientes sobre los 55 años, su tratamiento estandarizado es quirúrgico, la adyuvancia con radioterapia aún es motivo de discusión. El autoexamen de mama, el acudir a controles periódicos a partir de los 40 años además de realizar una ecografía y mamografía nos lleva a diagnósticos tempranos con un elevado porcentaje de cirugías más conservadoras.(au)


BACKGROUND: Paget's disease of the nipple is uncommon and represents 1 to 3% of breast malignancies. It is associated with invasive or in situ carcinoma in 82 to 94% of cases. It occurs between 55 to 64 years old. CASE REPORT: We present the case of a 58 year old woman with a painless 1cm2 scaling skin lesion in the right nipple and a 4cm2 tumor in the left breast, ultrasound and mammograghy classified as BIRADS III. Incisional biopsy of the right nipple that reported Paget's¬ disease, with extension of surgical margins of resection. MRI extension studies were made; they reported suspicious retroaereolar lesion in the right breast and malignant nodular lesion in the left breast. EVOLUTION: We performed central quadrantectomy with nipple reconstruction in the right breast, and superoexternal quadrantectomy in the left breast, with bilateral axillary lymph node dissection, the pathology report was negative for malignancy in the right breast, in the left breast atypical intraductal hiperplasia with foci of intraductal carcinoma. The patient received 25 radiotherapy sessions. After one year of follow-up there is no recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: Paget's disease is rare, but should be considered as a differential diagnosis in patients over 55 years, its standardized treatment is surgery, adjuvant treatment with radiotherapy is still a matter of discussion. Breast self-exam, regular checkups in people over 40 years old, ultrasound and mammogram lead to early diagnosis with a higher percentage of conservative surgeries.(au)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Recurrence , Skin , Breast , Carcinoma , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Mastectomy, Segmental , Paget's Disease, Mammary/therapy , Pathology , Patients , Breast Neoplasms/classification , Self-Examination , Ultrasonography , Aftercare , Early Diagnosis
5.
Rev. méd. Hosp. José Carrasco Arteaga ; 11(3): 194-199, 30/11/2019. Tablas, Gráficos
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1103392

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: El cáncer de mama ocupa el primer lugar dentro de la patología maligna que afectan a la mujer a nivel mundial, representando el 16% de los cánceres femeninos. El manejo quirúrgico del cáncer de mama ha evolucionado a lo largo de los años, disminuyendo la morbimortalidad y mejorando la calidad de vida de las pacientes. El objetivo del presente estudio es analizar el abordaje quirúrgico de las pacientes tratadas en la unidad de Cirugía Oncológica del Hospital de Especialidades José Carrasco Arteaga. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio observacional transversal para determinar la prevalencia de las cirugías de cáncer de mama realizadas en la Unidad de Cirugía Oncológica del Hospital de Especialidades José Carrasco Arteaga. Se incluyeron variables como edad, diagnóstico, tipo histológico, etapa, localización, tipo de cirugía y márgenes. Se analizaron los datos con estadística descriptiva utilizando el paquete estadístico SPSS versión V24.0. RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron 66 pacientes en el estudio. Los porcentajes de cirugías conservadoras y mastectomías fueron 56.06% versus 43.94% respectivamente. El tipo histológico más frecuente fue el ductal infiltrante (75.74%). Del total de pacientes diagnosticados con cáncer de mama el 46.97% fue en etapa clínica IIB; el cuadrante superior externo estuvo afectado en el 72.7% de pacientes y el lado más frecuentemente con tumor fue el izquierdo en el 50%. CONCLUSIONES: El cáncer de mama es diagnosticado con mayor frecuencia en mujeres posmenopáusicas, el tipo histológico más frecuente es el carcinoma ductal infiltrante, el porcentaje de cirugías conservadoras es mayor a las mastectomíasra de Unidad Técnica de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital de Especialidades José Carrasco Arteaga, Cuenca ­ Ecuador(AU)


BACKGROUND: Breast cancer ranks first among cancers that affect women worldwide, representing 16% of female cancers. The surgical approach to breast cancer has undergone changes over the years, reducing morbidity and mortality and improving life quality for these patients. The purpose of this study is to analyze the surgical approach in patients treated in the Oncologic Surgery unit of José Carrasco Arteaga Hospital. METHODS: Cross-sectional observational study to analyze the prevalence of breast cancer surgeries performed in the Oncologic Surgery Unit of José Carrasco Arteaga Hospital. Variables such as age, diagnosis, histological type, stage, location, type of surgical procedure and surgical margins were included. All the data was analyzed with descriptive statistics using SPSS version 24.0. RESULTS: 66 patients were included in the study. The percentages of conservative surgeries and mastectomies were 56.06% versus 43.94% respectively. The most frequent histological type was infiltrating ductal carcinoma (75.74%). Of the total of patients diagnosed with breast cancer, 46.97% were in clinical stage IIB; the upper external quadrant was affected in 72.7% of patients and the most frequent location was the left side (50%). CONCLUSIONS: Breast cancer occurs most frequently in postmenopausal women, the most frequent histological type is infiltrating ductal carcinoma, and the percentage of conservative surgeries is greater than mastectomies.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Women , Breast Neoplasms/surgery , Breast Neoplasms/classification , Mastectomy, Segmental/statistics & numerical data , Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast , Mastectomy/statistics & numerical data , Quality of Life , Surgical Procedures, Operative , Prevalence , Methods
6.
Arq. Ciênc. Vet. Zool. UNIPAR (Online) ; 22(3): 93-94, jul-set. 2019.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1052682

ABSTRACT

É importante que se obtenha informações sobre tutores de cadelas portadoras de tumor de mama, pois o tutor precisa cuidar do animal principalmente no pós-operatório já que o tratamento é mastectomia. Foram entrevistados 11 tutores de cadelas submetidas à mastectomia. A maioria dos entrevistados tem ensino médio e superior, morando em casa própria com renda de um a cinco salários mínimos. Apenas uma pessoa disse que não sabia que cadelas podem ter câncer de mama. Entretanto, a maioria não sabe como prevenir o câncer de mama em cadelas, demonstrando que são necessárias campanhas educacionais sobre a doença para tutores de cadelas. A maneira mais frequente de aquisição do animal foi a adoção, o que demonstra o crescimento da posse responsável entre os tutores brasileiros. Três tutores afirmaram que aplicaram anticoncepcional nas suas cadelas várias vezes. Este fato é bastante preocupante porque tais fármacos possuem diversos efeitos colaterais adversos, inclusive tumor de mama. Oito tutores informaram que nunca haviam consultado um médico veterinário antes sobre o tumor, embora o mesmo fosse evidente. A maioria dos tutores só procurou ajuda para a cadela porque a participação no projeto era gratuita. Dificuldades financeiras é um dos principais motivos para que os tutores retardem as consultas. Entretanto, quando questionados por qual motivo as cadelas não tinham sido tratadas antes, nenhum tutor citou dificuldades financeiras. Concluiu-se que alguns tumores de mama foram causados por aplicação de anticoncepcional e que o desconhecimento sobre a doença ainda é grande entre os tutores entrevistados.(AU)


It is important to collect information about owners of dogs with mammary tumor, since the owner must take care of the animal after surgery, given that the treatment of choice is a mastectomy. This study interviewed eleven owners of female dogs submitted to mastectomy. Most respondents have high school and/or college education, live in their own homes with incomes between one to five minimum salaries. Only one person said they did not know that dogs could have mammary cancer. However, most do not know how to prevent mammary cancer in dogs, demonstrating the need for educational campaigns on the disease. The most frequent way of acquiring the animal was adoption, which demonstrates the growth of responsible ownership among Brazilian owners. Three owners stated that they used contraceptive drugs on their dogs several times. This fact is quite worrisome since such drugs have several adverse effects, including mammary tumor. Eight owners reported that they had never been to a veterinarian before about the tumor, although the tumor was evident. Most owners only sought help for the dog because participation in the project was free of charge. Financial difficulties are one of the main reasons for owners to delay consultations. However, when asked why the dogs had not been treated before, no owner mentioned financial difficulties. It can be concluded that some breast tumors were caused by the use of contraceptive drugs and that ignorance regarding the disease is still high among the interviewed tutorsd.(AU)


Es importante que se obtenga informaciones sobre los tutores de perras portadoras de tumor de mama, pues el tutor necesita cuidar del animal principalmente en el postoperatorio, ya que el tratamiento es la mastectomía. Se han entrevistado a once tutores de perras sometidas a la mastectomía. La mayoría de los encuestados tienen educación secundaria y universitaria, y viven en sus propios hogares con ingresos de uno a cinco sueldos mínimos. Solo una persona dijo que no sabía que las perras pueden tener cáncer de mama. Sin embargo, la mayoría no sabe cómo prevenir el cáncer de mama en perras, demostrando que son necesarias campañas educativas sobre la enfermedad para dueños de perras. La forma más frecuente de adquirir el animal es la adopción, lo que demuestra el crecimiento de la posesión responsable entre los tutores brasileños. Tres tutores declararon que aplicaron anticonceptivos a sus perras varias veces. Este hecho es bastante preocupante porque estos medicamentos tienen varios efectos secundarios adversos, incluso el tumor de mama. Ocho tutores informaron que nunca antes habían consultado a un médico veterinario sobre el tumor, aunque el mismo era evidente. La mayoría de los tutores solo buscaron ayuda para la perra porque la participación en el proyecto era gratuita. Las dificultades financieras es una de las principales razones por las cuales los tutores retrasan las consultas. Sin embargo, cuando cuestionados por cuál motivo las perras no habían sido tratadas antes, ningún tutor mencionó dificultades financieras. Se concluyó que algunos tumores de mama fueron causados por la aplicación de anticonceptivos y que el desconocimiento sobre la enfermedad aún es alta entre los tutores encuestados.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Dogs , Breast Neoplasms/classification , Dogs/abnormalities , Mastectomy , Postoperative Care/veterinary
7.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1046613

ABSTRACT

Introdução: A obesidade é considerada fator prognóstico negativo para mulheres com câncer de mama; entretanto, sua influência sobre o curso da doença pode ser diferenciada nos subtipos moleculares. Objetivo: Analisar a influência do índice de massa corporal (IMC) na sobrevida de mulheres com câncer de mama segundo o subtipo molecular. Método: Realizada revisão integrativa de literatura utilizando estratégia PICOS para formulação da pesquisa, identificação de palavras-chave e definição dos critérios de elegibilidade. Estudos que analisaram a influência do IMC na sobrevida de mulheres com câncer de mama, por subtipo tumoral, utilizando risco proporcional de COX e/ou Kaplan-Meier, publicados até junho de 2018, foram identificados nas bases PubMed, BVS, Scopus e Web of Science. Resultados: Foram selecionados 23 estudos entre 446 identificados. Mulheres com tumores do tipo triplo-negativo nas maiores categorias de IMC exibiram pior sobrevida em quatro dos 17 estudos incluindo esse subtipo. Nos casos de tumores luminal, IMC elevado foi fator prognóstico negativo em sete entre 11 estudos. Para HER2 (receptor tipo 2 do fator de crescimento epidérmico humano) superexpresso, houve pior sobrevida quando IMC elevado em dois dos seis estudos. Entre os HER2 positivos, independente do status hormonal, observou-se pior sobrevida para mulheres com maiores IMC em dois dos cinco estudos. Conclusão: O efeito do IMC na sobrevida de mulheres com câncer de mama parece ser diferenciado de acordo com o subtipo tumoral, sendo seu efeito, aparentemente, maior naquelas com tumores luminais.


Introduction: Obesity is considered a negative prognostic factor for women with breast cancer, however, its influence on the course of the disease can be differentiated in molecular subtypes. Objective: To analyze the influence of the body mass index (BMI) on the survival of women with breast cancer according to the molecular subtype. Method: Integrative review using PICOS strategy for the design of the study, identification of keywords and definition of eligibility criteria. Studies that analyzed the influence of BMI on the survival of women with breast cancer, by tumor subtype, using COX regression and/or Kaplan-Meier published until June 2018 were identified in PubMed, VHL, Scopus and Web of Science databases. Results: There were selected 23 studies from 446 identified. Women with triple negative tumors in higher BMI categories presented worse survival in four of the seventeen studies including this subtype. In cases of luminal tumors, high BMI was a negative prognostic factor in seven of the eleven studies. For HER2 (Human Epidermal growth factor Receptor-type 2) overexpressed, there was worse survival for higher BMI in two of the six studies. Among HER2 positive women regardless of hormone status, it was observed worse survival for women with higher BMI in two of the five studies. Conclusion:The effect of BMI on the survival of women with breast cancer appears to be differentiated according to the tumor subtype, and its effect is apparently greater in those with luminal tumors.


Introducción: La obesidad se considera un factor pronóstico negativo para las mujeres con cáncer de mama y su influencia sobre el curso de la enfermedad puede diferenciarse en los subtipos moleculares. Objetivo:Analizar la influencia del índice de masa corporal (IMC) en la supervivencia de las mujeres con cáncer de mama según subtipo molecular. Método: Realizada revisión integrativa utilizando estrategia PICOS para formulación de la investigación, identificación de palabras clave y definición de los criterios de elegibilidad. Los estudios que analizaron la influencia del IMC en la supervivencia, por subtipo tumoral, utilizando regresión de COX y/o Kaplan-Meier publicados hasta junio de 2018 fueron identificados en PubMed, BVS, Scopus y Web of Science. Resultados: Se seleccionaron 23 estudios. Las mujeres con tumores triple negativo en las mayores categorías de IMC mostraron peor sobrevida en cuatro de los diecisiete estudios incluyendo esse subtipo. Para casos de tumores lumínicos, IMC elevado fue factor pronóstico negativo en siete entre once estudios. Para HER2 (receptor tipo 2 del factor de crecimiento epidérmico humano) superexpresado, hubo peor sobrevida cuando IMC elevado en dos de los seis estudios. Entre los HER2 positivos independientes del status hormonal, se observó peor sobrevida para mujeres con mayores IMC en dos de los cinco estudios. Conclusión: El efecto del IMC en la supervivencia de las mujeres con cáncer de mama parece ser diferenciado de acuerdo con el subtipo tumoral, siendo su efecto, aparentemente, mayor en aquellas con tumores luminales.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Survival , Breast Neoplasms/classification , Body Mass Index , Obesity/epidemiology , Prognosis , Breast Neoplasms/complications
8.
Gac. méd. Méx ; 155(supl.1): 50-55, dic. 2019. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1286565

ABSTRACT

Resumen Antecedentes: La clasificación del cáncer de mama en subtipos mediante la expresión de receptores hormonales (RH) y del receptor 2 del factor de crecimiento epidérmico humano (HER2) por inmunohistoquímica (IHQ) es una práctica estándar para la toma de decisiones terapéuticas. Objetivo: Conocer las características y supervivencia de cada subtipo de pacientes, que es indispensable para poder diseñar futuros estudios. Método: Realizamos un estudio retrospectivo evaluando las características clinicopatológicas y la supervivencia por subtipo mediante IHQ en mujeres con cáncer de mama. Resultados: 211 mujeres con cáncer de mama RH(+)/HER2(-), 53 con RH(+)/HER2(+), 16 con HER2(+) y 23 con RH(-)/HER2(-), con una mediana de supervivencia global en meses de 39 (20.5-62.7), 42 (25.5-65), 42 (13.7-67.7) y 26 (11-78), respectivamente, para un cociente de riesgo (HR por sus siglas en inglés, Hazard Ratio): 3.7 (IC 95%: 1.3-10.3) en el grupo triple negativo comparado con RH(+)/HER2(-) (p = 0.01). Conclusión: Los subtipos con RH positivos por IHQ son los más frecuentes y este grupo de pacientes tienen una mejor supervivencia global comparada con las pacientes triple negativo.


Abstract Background: Breast cancer subtype classification according to hormone receptors (HR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) using immunohistochemistry is the standard practice for therapeutic decision making. Objective: To design future studies information on characteristics and survival of each subtype is essential. Method: We conducted a retrospective study to analyze clinical and pathologic features as well as survival data according to breast cancer immunohistochemistry subtype. Results: There were 211 women with a RH(+)/HER2(-) breast cancer subtype, 53 HR(+)/HER2(+), 16 HER2(+) and 23 HR(-)/HER2(-), with a median overall survival in months of 39 (20.5-62.7), 42 (25.5-65), 42 (13.7-67.7) and 26 (11-78), respectively, for a 3.7 hazard ratio of death (95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.3-10.3) for the triple negative group as compared to the HR(+)/HER2(-) group (p = 0.01). Conclusions: HR positive subtypes by immunohistochemistry where most frequent and showed a greater overall survival compared to the triple negative subtype.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Breast Neoplasms/classification , Breast Neoplasms/mortality , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Breast Neoplasms/chemistry , Immunohistochemistry , Survival Rate , Retrospective Studies , Cohort Studies , Receptor, ErbB-2/analysis
9.
Rev. bras. ginecol. obstet ; 40(12): 779-786, Dec. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-977811

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective The use of molecular markers can identify a subgroup of tumors with distinct recurrence patterns. The present study aimed to characterize the immunohistochemical expression of vimentin (VIM), of E-cadherin (CDH1), and of cytokeratin 5 (CK5) in patients with invasive ductal carcinomas (IDCs). Methods We have constructed a tissuemicroarray (TMA) from87 patients with IDC of the breast. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed to study the expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors (ER and PgR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), VIM, CDH1, CK5, and Ki67. The tumors were classified as luminal A and B (n = 39), HER2 enriched (n = 25), and triple-negative (TNBC) (n = 23), based on the IHC expression. Results We have observed that luminal A and B tumors lack the VIM+/CDH1-/low phenotype. This phenotype was observed in 16.5% of the HER2+ tumors and in 60% of the TNBC tumors (p = 0.0001). Out of a total of 20 TNBC tumors, the CK5 (basal-like marker) was positive in 11 of them. The VIM+/CDH1-/low phenotype was observed in 5 CK5+ TNBC tumors (45%) and in 7 out of 9 CK5- TNBC tumors (78%) (p = 0.02). The median Ki67 index in the VIM+/CDH1-/low tumors was 13.6 (range: 17.8-45.4) compared with 9.8 (range: 4.1-38.1) in other tumors (p = 0.0007). The presence of lymph nodemetastasis was less frequent in patients with VIM+/CDH1-/low tumors (23% versus 61%; X2 test; p = 0.01). Conclusion Our findings suggest that the expression of VIM and CDH1 can identify a subset of IDCs of the breast with a mesenchymal phenotype associated with poor prognosis, high-grade lesion, and high mitotic index.


Resumo Objetivo O uso de marcadores moleculares pode identificar subtipos tumorais com diferentes taxas de recidiva. O objetivo do presente estudo é caracterizar a expressão imunohistoquímica da vimentina (VIM), da E-caderina (CDH1) e de CK5 em pacientes com carcinoma ductal invasivo (CDI) da mama. Métodos Utilizamos uma matriz de amostras teciduais (TMA, na sigla em inglês) de 87 pacientes com CDI da mama. Para avaliar a expressão dos receptores de estrogênio (RE) e receptores de progesterona (RP), HER2, VIM, CDH1, CK5 e Ki67, utilizamos imunohistoquímica. Os tumores foram classificados como luminal A e B (n = 39), HER2+ (n = 25) e triplo negativo (TNBC) (n = 23). Resultados Foi observado que tumores luminais A e B não expressaram o fenótipo VIM+/CDH1-/low. Este fenótipo foi observado em 16,5% dos tumores HER2+ e em 60% dos tumores TNBC (p = 0,0001). Dos 20 tumores TNBC, a CK5 (marcador de tumor basalóide) foi super expressa em 11 amostras. O fenótipo VIM+/CDH1-/low foi observado em 5 tumores CK5+ TNBC (45%) e em 7 dos 9 tumores CK5- TNBC (78%) (p = 0,02). A expressão média de Ki67 nos tumores VIM+/CDH1-/low foi 13.6 (amplitude de 17,8 a 45,4) comparado com 9,8 (amplitude de 4,1 a 38,1) nos outros tumores (p = 0,0007). A presença demetástase linfonodal foimenor em tumores com fenótipo VIM+/CDH1-/low (23% contra 61%; teste X2; p = 0,01). Conclusão Nossos achados sugerem que a expressão de VIM e CDH1 pode identificar um subtipo de CDI da mama com fenótipo mesenquimal associado a pior prognóstico, lesões de alto grau e alto índice mitótico.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Vimentin/biosynthesis , Breast Neoplasms/metabolism , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Cadherins/biosynthesis , Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/metabolism , Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology , Keratin-5/biosynthesis , Vimentin/analysis , Breast Neoplasms/classification , Breast Neoplasms/chemistry , Immunohistochemistry , Cadherins/analysis , Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/classification , Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/chemistry , Keratin-5/analysis , Middle Aged
10.
Rev. méd. Hosp. José Carrasco Arteaga ; 10(2): 150-154, Jul 2018. Imagenes
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1000315

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: El tumor phyllodes representa menos del 1 % de los tumores mamarios, con una incidencia de 2.1 por millón a nivel mundial, la edad de presentación es entre los 35 a 55 años. Las mujeres latinas tienen mayor riesgo de tumor phyllodes que otros grupos étnicos. En Ecuador las ciudades con mayor incidencia son Quito, Guayaquil y Loja según el Registro Nacional de Tumores; en Cuenca se presenta un caso por año. CASO CLÍNICO: Paciente femenino de 46 años, con antecedente de resección de fibroadenoma en mama derecha 2 años antes, quien hace seis meses atrás, presenta tumor multilobulado de crecimiento rápido, móvil, definido, que ocupa el 80 % de la mama derecha, ecografía BIRADS II; mamografía BIRADS 0. Biopsia con aguja fina presenta resultado histopatológico de tumor phyllodes limítrofe. EVOLUCIÓN: Con el reporte de patología de tumor phyllodes maligno de alto grado con límites negativos, se realizó mastectomía; posteriormente paciente no necesito tratamiento adyuvante, al momento con buen pronóstico. CONCLUSIÓN: El tumor phyllodes maligno es poco frecuente, pero debe considerarse como diagnóstico diferencial en pacientes mayores de 35 años, su tratamiento estandarizado es quirúrgico, sin haberse demostrado que un tratamiento adyuvante pueda disminuir la recurrencia loco regional o a distancia.


BACKGROUND: The phyllodes tumor represents less than 1 % of mammary tumors, with an incidence of 2.1 per million worldwide, the age of presentation is between 35 to 55 years. Latina women are at higher risk of phyllodes tumor than other ethnic groups. In Ecuador, the cities with the highest incidence are Quito, Guayaquil and Loja according to the National Registry of Tumors. In Cuenca, one case is presented per year. CASE REPORT: Female patient of 46-year-old woman with a history of resection of fibroadenoma in the right breast 2 years; who 6 months ago, presented a rapidly growing, mobile, defined multi-lobed tumor that occupies 80 % of the right breast, BIRADS II ultrasound; mammography BIRADS 0. Fine needle biopsy presents histopathological result of phyllodes borderline tumor. EVOLUTION: Mastectomy was performed with high-grade malignant phyllodes tumor pathology report with negative limits, the patient does not need adjuvant treatment, and it remains good prognosis. CONCLUSION: Malignant phyllodes tumor is rare, but it should be considered as a differential diagnosis in patients older than 35 years, it is standardized treatment surgical, without having demonstrated that an adjuvant treatment can reduce loco or regional recurrence.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Breast Neoplasms/classification , Phyllodes Tumor/diagnosis , Case Management , Mastectomy
11.
Rev. méd. Hosp. José Carrasco Arteaga ; 9(3): 261-265, Nov. 2017. Tablas, Gáficos
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1005774

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: La patología mamaria afecta a países desarrollados y subdesarrollados, los factores más importantes son los factores ginecológicos, el estilo de vida, los factores ambientales y los antecedentes familiares. La finalidad del tratamiento de cáncer de mama es extraer el tumor y conservar la mayor cantidad de tejido mamario (oncoplastia) debido a que es una zona erógena y físicamente representa la sensualidad humana. Los objetivos de este estudio, fueron: Determinar el tipo histológico más común en el cáncer de mama. Establecer el estadio más frecuente en mujeres con cáncer de mama. Identificar los pacientes que recibieron tratamiento neoadyuvante y adyuvante. Conocer los pacientes que presentan recidiva local o metástasis a distancia por cáncer de mama. MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo en 407 casos del Servicio de Mastología del Hospital de SOLCA Dr. Juan Tanca Marengo, Guayaquil - Ecuador. Durante el período comprendido entre enero de 2010 y diciembre de 2016, en el que las variables de edad, histopatología, etapa, adyuvancia, neoadyuvancia, recaída, metástasis y muerte. RESULTADOS: Los 407 pacientes estudiados, 235 pacientes se encuentran entre 45 - 64 años, el tipo histológico más común es el carcinoma ductal infiltrante con 360 casos, el estadio más común fue el estadio I con 218 casos, 386 casos recibieron tratamiento adyuvante, 268 casos no recibieron tratamiento neoadyuvante, 24 casos presentaron recidiva local, 22 casos presentaron metástasis a distancia y 295 casos se mantienen en controles periódicos CONCLUSIONES: Los 407 pacientes tratados con cirugía conservadora según el tipo histológico más común de presentación fue el carcinoma ductal infiltrante con el 88 %, el tratamiento neoadyuvante juega un papel muy importante en el manejo de estos pacientes que inicialmente no pueden ser tratados quirúrgicamente, un bajo porcentaje de pacientes presenta recidivas locales o metástasis a distancia pudiendo evitar este tipo de complicaciones con un adecuado seguimiento.


BACKGROUND: Breast diseases affect developed and underdeveloped countries, the most importantfactors being gynecologicalfactors, lifestyle, environmentalfactors and family history. The purpose of breast cancer treatment was to remove the tumor and retain the largest amount of breast tissue(oncoplasty)becauseitisanerogenous zoneandphysically representshumansensuality. The aims ofthis study were to: Determine themost common histologicaltype in breast cancer. Establish the most common stage in women with breast cancer. Identify patients who received neoadjuvant and adjuvant treatment. To know the patients who present local recurrence or distant metastases due to breast cancer. METHODS: A retrospectivedescriptive studywas carriedoutin407 casesoftheMastology Serviceof SOLCA Dr. Juan Tanca Marengo Hospital, Guayaquil - Ecuador. During the period between January 2010 and December 2016, in which the variables of age, histopathology, stage, adjuvant, neoadjuvant,relapse,metastasis and death. RESULTS: The 407 patients that were studied, 235 patients are between 45-64 years old, the most commonhistologicaltypewas infiltratingductal carcinomawith360 cases,themost commonstage was stage I with 218 cases, 386 cases received adjuvanttreatment, 268 cases did notreceive neoadjuvant treatment, 24 cases had local recurrence, 22 cases had distant metastases and 295 cases remained in periodic controls. CONCLUSIONS: The 407 patients treatedwith conservative surgeryaccording to themost common histological type of presentation were infiltrating ductal carcinoma with 88 %, neoadjuvant treatment plays a very importantrole in themanagement ofthese patients who initially cannot be treated surgically, a low percentage of patients present local recurrences or distant metastases, being able to avoid this type of complications with an adequate follow-up


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Breast Neoplasms/classification , Mastectomy/methods , Chemotherapy, Adjuvant , Neoplasm Metastasis
12.
Rev. peru. med. exp. salud publica ; 34(3): 472-477, jul.-sep. 2017. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-902944

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Con el objetivo de determinar las características clínicas y pronósticas de los carcinomas de mama, según sus subtipos moleculares mediante la aplicación de marcadores de inmunohistoquímica, se realizó un estudio en 280 mujeres con cáncer infiltrante de mama unilateral, del 2009 al 2012. Se clasificó por técnicas de inmunohistoquímica en 4 subtipos: luminal A, luminal B, HER2 y triple negativo. Para determinar la influencia del tipo histológico y del subtipo molecular en la sobrevida global, se utilizó el método de Kaplan Meier. Se encontró que los carcinomas de mama fueron: luminal A con 105 (37,5%); luminal B con 88 (31,4%); carcinomas HER2 con 46 (16,4%), y triple negativo con 41 (14,6%). Se concluye que los carcinomas de tipo luminal fueron con mayor frecuencia tumores bien diferenciados, con ganglios axilares negativos, tamaño tumoral y estadio semejante; mientras que los tumores HER2 y triple negativo presentaron mayor proporción de tumores pobremente diferenciados, compromiso ganglionar axilar, y menor sobrevida global.


ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to determine the clinical and prognostic characteristics of breast carcinomas according to the molecular subtype using immunohistochemical markers. The study included 280 women with unilateral breast cancer enrolled from 2009 to 2012. The carcinomas were classified into four subtypes based on immunohistochemical findings: luminal A, luminal B, HER2, and triple negative. The Kaplan-Meier test was used to determine the effect of histological type and molecular subtype on overall survival. Our results indicated that the most common breast carcinoma subtype was luminal A (105 cases, 37.5%), followed by luminal B (88 cases, 31.4%), HER2 (46 cases, 16.4%), and triple negative (41 cases, 14.6%). Luminal carcinomas were well-differentiated in most cases, without involvement of the axillary lymph nodes, and showed a similar tumor size and stage. In contrast, HER2 and triple-negative tumors were poorly differentiated in most cases, with axillary node involvement, and were associated with decreased overall survival.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Breast Neoplasms/mortality , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Peru , Prognosis , Breast Neoplasms/classification , Breast Neoplasms/genetics , Immunohistochemistry , Survival Rate , Retrospective Studies
13.
Rev. Pesqui. (Univ. Fed. Estado Rio J., Online) ; 9(2): 473-479, abr.-jun. 2017. tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-836365

ABSTRACT

Objective: to describe the main clinical, therapeutic and epidemiological characteristics of women diagnosed with breast cancer in the Pérola Byington Hospital, between the years 2000 and 2006. Methods: This was a crosssectional study and quantitative nature. Data collection was performed using a structured form. Results: Most of the women were married, white, with low education, catholic and housewives. About 75% had at least one pregnancy, and 33.1% breastfed. Just over 30% had hormone replacement. Smokers were 14.7% and 2.7% were ex-smokers. The initial clinical staging of highest incidence are the II and III, representing together 66.5% of cases. Before the first consultation, 91.3% of women had no diagnosis of breast cancer and no prior treatment. Conclusion: Knowing the profile of women affected by breast cancer is essential for targeting of resources and decision-making.


Objetivo: descrever as principais características clínico-terapêuticas e epidemiológicas de mulheres diagnosticadas com câncer de mama no Hospital Pérola Byington, entre os anos de 2000 e 2006. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo de corte transversal e natureza quantitativa. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de um formulário estruturado. Resultados: A maior parte das mulheres era casada, branca, com baixa escolaridade, católica e do lar. Cerca de 75% tiveram pelo menos uma gravidez, e 33,1% amamentaram. Pouco mais de 30% fizeram reposição hormonal. Eram fumantes 14,7%, e 2,7% ex-fumantes. Os estadiamentos clínicos iniciais de maior incidência são os II e III, juntos representam 66,5% dos casos. Cerca de 91,3% das mulheres não apresentavam diagnóstico do tumor de mama e nem tratamento anterior à primeira consulta. Conclusão: Conhecer o perfil das mulheres acometidas pelo câncer de mama é imprescindível para o direcionamento de recursos e tomadas de decisão.


Objetivo: describir las principales características clínicas, terapéuticas y epidemiológicas de las mujeres diagnosticadas con cáncer de mama en el Hospital Pérola Byington, entre los años 2000 y 2006. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de corte transversal y de naturaleza cuantitativa. La recolección de datos se realizó mediante un formulario estructurado. Resultados: La mayoría de las mujeres estaban casadas, blancas, con bajo nivel de educación, católica y dueña de casa. Aproximadamente el 75% tenía al menos un embarazo, y el 33,1% con leche materna. Algo más del 30% tenían de reemplazo hormonal. Las fumadoras eran el 14,7% y el 2,7% ex-fumadoras. La estadificación clínica inicial de mayor incidencia son la IIy III, en conjunto representan 66,5% de los casos. Sobre el 91,3% de las mujeres no tenían un diagnóstico de tumor de mama y no se sometieron a tratamiento previo a la primera consulta. Conclusión: Conocer el perfil de las mujeres afectadas por cáncer de mama es esencial para la orientación de los recursos y la toma de decisiones.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Breast Neoplasms/classification , Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology , Breast Neoplasms/therapy , Health Profile , Women's Health , Brazil
14.
Rev. ANACEM (Impresa) ; 11(2): 39-45, 2017. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1337678

ABSTRACT

El cáncer de mama es considerado en la actualidad como una de las patologías más comunes en la población femenina. Su incidencia va en aumento y se asocia a factores de riesgo tales como la edad, el sexo, factores hormonales y antecedentes tanto familiares como personales. Se ha asociado también a ciertos genes (BRCA 1 y BRCA 2), pero en su patogenia están involucrados otros factores como la dieta, el consumo de alcohol y la hiperinsulinemia. El diagnóstico debe ser abordado desde tres lineamientos: clínico, imagenológico e inmunohistoquímico, pues el tratamiento y el pronóstico dependen de la clasificación definitiva del tumor.


Breast cancer is currently considered as one of the most common pathologies in female population. Incidence is increasing and is associated with risk factors such as age, sex, hormonal factors and both family and personal history. It has also been associated with certain genes (BRCA 1 and BRCA 2), but factors such as diet, alcohol consumption and hyperinsulinemia are also involved in its pathogenesis. The diagnosis must be approached from three guidelines: clinical, imaging and immunohistochemical because the treatment and prognosis depend from the definitive classification of the tumor


Subject(s)
Humans , Breast Neoplasms/classification , Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis , Breast Neoplasms/physiopathology , Breast Neoplasms/therapy , Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology
15.
Biol. Res ; 50: 33, 2017.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-950893

ABSTRACT

Breast cancer remains a worldwide public health dilemma and is currently the most common tumour in the globe. Awareness of breast cancer, public attentiveness, and advancement in breast imaging has made a positive impact on recognition and screening of breast cancer. Breast cancer is life-threatening disease in females and the leading cause of mortality among women population. For the previous two decades, studies related to the breast cancer has guided to astonishing advancement in our understanding of the breast cancer, resulting in further proficient treatments. Amongst all the malignant diseases, breast cancer is considered as one of the leading cause of death in post menopausal women accounting for 23% of all cancer deaths. It is a global issue now, but still it is diagnosed in their advanced stages due to the negligence of women regarding the self inspection and clinical examination of the breast. This review addresses anatomy of the breast, risk factors, epidemiology of breast cancer, pathogenesis of breast cancer, stages of breast cancer, diagnostic investigations and treatment including chemotherapy, surgery, targeted therapies, hormone replacement therapy, radiation therapy, complementary therapies, gene therapy and stem-cell therapy etc for breast cancer.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis , Breast Neoplasms/therapy , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Breast/anatomy & histology , Breast Neoplasms/classification , Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis , Risk Factors
16.
Invest. clín ; 57(2): 187-216, jun. 2016. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-841110

ABSTRACT

Los carcinomas de la mama se han clasificado desde el punto de vista molecular en cuatro grupos mayores (Luminal A, Luminal B, HER2 y triple negativo). Sin embargo, estos grupos no son homogéneos y existe la necesidad de establecer subcategorías que puedan ser identificadas mediante inmunohistoquímica (IHQ), para así predecir mejor su pronóstico y llevar a cabo un tratamiento más efectivo. El presente estudio se realizó en 354 pacientes diagnosticadas de carcinoma ductal infiltrante de mama. Se analizó la expresión de 22 moléculas por matrices de tejidos y se compararon los resultados obtenidos con las clases moleculares definidas por IHQ, de acuerdo a la expresión de receptores de estrógeno (RE), receptores de progesterona (RP) y HER2, y con la supervivencia global. Con la clase molecular Luminal A se pueden establecer varios subgrupos de significado pronóstico: el subgrupo con expresión exclusiva de RE y RP, con Ki-67 ≤14%, con mejor pronóstico, y el subgrupo de Luminal A con Ki-67 >14%, o con expresión de otros marcadores relacionados con el fenotipo basal. El grupo Luminal B puede ser dividido en subtipos de acuerdo a la expresión de Ki-67 (punto de corte en el 25%). En la clase HER2, parece importante el índice de Ki-67 para el pronóstico (punto de corte en 25%). La clase de TN puede ser dividida según el índice de proliferación en dos categorías pronósticas, con un mejor pronóstico para aquellos tumores con un índice de Ki-67 ≤25%.


Breast carcinomas have been classified from the molecular point of view into four major groups (Luminal A, Luminal B, HER2 and triple negative). However, these groups are not homogeneous and there is a need to establish subcategories that can be identified by immunohistochemistry (IHC), to better predict prognosis and carry out treatments that are more effective. This study was conducted in 354 patients diagnosed with invasive ductal breast carcinoma. The expression of 22 molecules was analyzed by tissue matrices and the results obtained were compared with molecular classes defined by IHC, according to the expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and HER2, and the overall survival. The Luminal A molecular class can set various prognostic subgroups: the subgroup with exclusive expression of ER and PR, with Ki-67 ≤14%, with a better prognosis, and the subgroup of Luminal A with Ki-67> 14% or other expression related to the basal phenotype markers. Luminal B group can be divided into subtypes according to the expression of Ki-67 (cutoff at 25%). In the HER2 class it seems important the Ki-67 index for forecasting (cutoff at 25%). The TN class can be divided according to the rate of proliferation into two prognostic categories, with a better prognosis for tumors with Ki-67 index ≤25%.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Breast Neoplasms/classification , Breast Neoplasms/metabolism , Biomarkers, Tumor/biosynthesis , Immunohistochemistry
17.
Rev. bras. ginecol. obstet ; 38(5): 239-245, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-787659

ABSTRACT

Abstract Purpose to evaluate the agreement between the clinical and pathological stagings of breast cancer based on clinical and molecular features. Methods this was a cross-sectional study, in which clinical, epidemiological and pathological data were collected from 226 patients who underwent surgery at the Prof. Dr. José Aristodemo Pinotti Women's Hospital (CAISM/Unicamp) from January 2008 to September 2010. Patients were staged clinically and pathologically, and were classified as: understaged, when the clinical staging was lower than the pathological staging; correctly staged, when the clinical staging was the same as the pathological one; and overstaged, when the clinical staging was greater than the pathological staging. Results understaged patients were younger (52.2 years; p < 0.01) and more symptomatic at diagnosis (p = 0.04) when compared with correctly or overstaged patients. Clinicopathological surrogate subtype, menopausal status, parity, hormone replace therapy and histology were not associated with differences in staging. Women under 57 years of age were clinically understaged mainly due to underestimation of T ( tumor staging) (p < 0.001), as were the premenopausal women (p < 0.01). Patients whose diagnosis was made due to clinical complaints, and not by screening, were clinically understaged due to underestimation of N (lymph nodes staging) (p < 0.001). Conclusion the study shows that the clinicopathological surrogate subtype is not associated with differences in staging, while younger women diagnosed because of clinical complaints tend to have their breast tumors understaged during clinical evaluation.


Resumo Objetivo avaliar a concordância entre o estadiamento clínico e patológico do câncer de mama em função das características clínicas e moleculares das pacientes. Métodos estudo de corte transversal, sendo coletados dados clínicos, epidemiológicos e anátomo-patológicos de 226 pacientes operadas no Hospital da Mulher Prof. Dr. José Aristodemo Pinotti (Centro de Atenção Integral à Saúde da Mulher - CAISM/ Unicamp), de janeiro de 2008 a setembro de 2010. As pacientes foram estadiadas clínica e patologicamente e classificadas como: subestadiadas, quando o estadiamento clínico foi menor do que o patológico; corretamente estadiadas, quando o estadiamento clínico foi equivalente ao patológico; e superestadiadas, quando o estadiamento clínico foi maior do que o patológico. Resultados as pacientes subestadiadas eram mais jovens (52,2 anos; p < 0,01) e sintomáticas ao diagnóstico (p = 0,04) do que as pacientes corretamente estadiadas ou superestadiadas. O subtipo clinico-patológico, o status menopausal, a paridade, a terapia de reposição hormonal e a histologia não foram associados com a diferença no estadiamento. Detectamos que as mulheres com menos de 57 anos de idade foram clinicamente subestadiadas principalmente devido à subestimação do T (p < 0 ,001), assim como as mulheres na pré-menopausa (p < 0,01). Por outro lado, as pacientes cujo diagnóstico foi realizado por queixa clínica, e não rastreamento, foram clinicamente subestadiadas devido à subestimação do N (p < 0,001). Conclusão o estudo nos mostra que o subtipo clinico-patológico não está associado a diferenças de estadiamento, enquanto mulheres mais jovens, e que tiveram seu diagnóstico por queixa clínica, tendem a ter seus tumores mais frequentemente subestadiados.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Breast Neoplasms/classification , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Breast Neoplasms/genetics , Cross-Sectional Studies , Molecular Diagnostic Techniques , Neoplasm Staging
18.
J. health inform ; 8(supl.I): 299-308, 2016. ilus, graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-906275

ABSTRACT

Este artigo propõe a otimização de um sistema de classificação binária utilizado para determinar a natureza(benigno ou maligno) de um tumor. Utilizou-se da técnica de algoritmos genéticos para otimizar a topologia de uma rede neural artificial responsável por resolver o problema de classificação da base de dados Wisconsin Breast Cancer Database (WBCD). A WBCD é uma base de dados pública que agrega informações de tumores de câncer de mama analisados através de FNA (Fine Needle Aspiration). Dos 699 casos descritos na WBCD, o sistema de classificação conseguiu atingir 100% de acerto. O sistema inteligente utilizado no processo de classificação conseguiu atender todos os casos descritos na base de dados. Além disso, o sistema de otimização convergiu para uma solução considerada ótima no espaço de busca proposto.


This paper proposes the optimization of a binary classification system used to determine the nature (benign ormalignant) of a tumor. Genetic algorithms technique was used to optimize the topology of an artificial neural network responsible for solving the classification problem of the Wisconsin Breast Cancer Database (WBCD). The Wisconsin Breast Cancer Database (WBCD), which is a public database that aggregates information about tissues analyzed by FNA. From the 699 cases reported in WBCD, the classification system reached 100% accuracy. The intelligent systemused in the classification processes correctly analyzed all the cases described by the database. Furthermore, the optimization system converged to a solution considered optimal in the search space proposed.


Subject(s)
Humans , Breast Neoplasms/classification , Neural Networks, Computer , Congresses as Topic
19.
J. health inform ; 8(supl.I): 529-537, 2016. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-906394

ABSTRACT

Uma forma de segmentação de massas em imagens mamográficas é pela análise bilateral dos pares de mamografias. Sabe-se que mamografias da mama esquerda e direita apresentam alto grau de simetria e quando há uma diferença brusca entre os pares, pode-se considerar algo suspeito. OBJETIVO: Uma metodologia para segmentação de massas baseado em análise bilateral de mamografias usando técnicas de similaridade de espécies para encontrar regiões assimétricas. Materiais e MÉTODOS: Fluxo de cinco etapas: Materiais, Pré-processamento de imagens, Registro de imagens,Segmentação de regiões assimétricas e Filtragem de regiões. RESULTADOS: Os resultados preliminares mostram que essa metodologia é promissora na detecção de regiões assimétricas apresentando 95% de acerto na etapa de segmentação e 90,8% após a filtragem de regiões. CONCLUSÃO: Os índices de similaridade mostram-se promissores na tarefa de encontrar regiões suspeitas em pares de mamografias, além de formalização de técnicas para filtragem de regiões que não são massas.


One way of segmenting masses in mammographic images is the bilateral analysis of mammograms pairs. It isknown that mammograms of the left and right breast, has a high degree of symmetry and when there is an abrupt difference between the pairs may be considered something suspicious. OBJECTIVE: A methodology to segmentation mass based on bilateralanalysis of mammograms using species similarity techniques to find asymmetric regions. Materials and METHODS: A five-step flow: Materials, Pre-processing, Image Registration, Segmentation of asymmetric regions and Filtering regions. RESULTS: Preliminary results show that this method is promising in detecting asymmetrical regions showing 95%accuracy in segmentation step and 90.8% after filtering regions. CONCLUSION: The similarity indices show promise in the task of finding suspicious areas in mammograms pairs, there is also formalization of techniques to filtering regions.


Subject(s)
Humans , Image Processing, Computer-Assisted , Breast Neoplasms/classification , Mammography , Congresses as Topic
20.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol ; 80(6): 510-514, dic. 2015. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-771640

ABSTRACT

Se desarrolló una herramienta de tipo WEB para apoyar a los profesionales de la salud encargados de asignar interconsultas médicas a pacientes con riesgo de cáncer mamario, ocupando árboles de decisión como método para clasificar si el paciente cumple o no los requisitos para que su solicitud sea aceptada según criterios establecidos. Esta clasificación permite generar una lista de pacientes que necesitan una atención médica oportuna, información que es recopilada por el sistema para desplegar una lista ordenada según el resultado de una mamografía y la fecha de la solicitud de interconsulta. Conociendo esta lista, el profesional encargado podrá enviarla al Servicio de Orientación Médico Estadístico (SOME), entidad encargada de asignar hora y fecha a cada solicitud de interconsulta, cuya respuesta también podrá ser almacenada en el sistema. Conclusión: Mediante una demostración y posterior encuesta, el proyecto se califica como un aporte al proceso de asignación de interconsultas médicas a pacientes con riesgo de cáncer mamario.


A Web tool which is described was developed in order to give support to health care professionals which assign consultations to people in risk of breast cancer. They use the decision tree as the method to classify patients and also to determine if they meet the requirements in order to approve their application according to the criteria established by health care professionals. This classification allows generating a list of patients who need medical assistance as soon as possible. This information is gathered by the system in order to display an organized list according to the mammogram results and the date of the consultation in the application form. Once the list is done, the person in charge will be able to send the list to "Servicio de Orientación Médico Estadístico", an organization who assigns the date of consultations for each application form and also stores the answer in the system if needed. Conclusion: Through a demonstration and subsequent survey, the project qualifies as a contribution to the process of assigning medical interconsultations patients with breast cancer risk.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Referral and Consultation , Computer Communication Networks , Breast Neoplasms/classification , Decision Trees , Medical Care/methods , Breast Neoplasms/therapy , Artificial Intelligence , Risk Assessment , Delivery of Health Care/methods , Medical Assistance
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